Hannibal Essay -- essays research papers

Hannibal, a Carthaginian general and probably the best broad that at any point lived was fame for his techniques and mental fortitude, for example, crossing the Alps and utilizing the "bottleneck strategy" at Lake Trasemene. He utilized systems that a great deal of officers as of now, particularly Roman commanders, could never consider and in doing this he nearly devastated the Roman republic. Hannibal's first fight occurred when he was just nine. He went on an undertaking with his dad, Hamilcar Barca, to vanquish Spain. From the earliest starting point Carthage’s drive into Spain, Hannibal promised interminable contempt for Rome; Hannibal became Commander in Chief of Carthage’s armed force when he was 26 after his dad was killed. His victory of the Roman town of Sagunto in Spain prompted another affirmation of war by Rome; which began the subsequent Punic War and Hannibal’s guarantee to visit Roman bad form back on Rome a hundred crease. For Carthage to take the town of Sagunto was totally inside the privileges of the Carthage and the arrangement yet Rome at the time was getting too large and getting imperialistic. All Rome could see was that they needed to have the entirety of the Mediterranean and the main thing that held them up was a solitary General and his men. The manner by which the Romans were unwittingly wandering from "mos maiorum& amp;quot; to control the course of occasions was upsetting. Despite the fact that these activities were not so much the "evil" work of Rome. Hannibal from his most punctual recollections could review only contempt for Rome. Hannibal’s Father had imparted a horrendously reckless want inside Hannibal to see the fall of Rome. This craving showed itself during The Second Punic War, which was a definitive battle for incomparability in the Ancient World. The victor would have authority over the whole Mediterranean Sea and the entirety of the exchange courses bringing land, pride, riches, and predominance over the victors adversaries. Hannibal took a 1,000 mile trek from New Carthage, Spain, through the Alps, Northern Italy, lastly to Carthage. Hannibal won a large portion of his fights with Rome, however never got the support he expected to over take Rome. The men that he had with him at the time were eminent for their unwaveringness to Hannibal and flighty battling strategies. Their "Gorilla" type war reasonable or wars of "delaying" nearly observed t... ... demise and devastation for the Romans that Adolf Hitler would to our Civilization. Hannibal’s name got equal with the generalization that Rome had of the Carthaginian treacherousness. Furthermore, it was this that Rome never needed to see again; so to be a decent Roman, one must be encouraged what it was to be a "Hannibal" and how not to be a "Hannibal." In the end Rome was shown numerous important exercises and to the victor go the crown jewels; so it is a proportion of the dread Hannibal’s name ingrained, that long after he was dead and gone, guardians would admonish shrewd kids with the notice that in the event that they weren't acceptable, Hannibal would come to get them in the night. Italy itself endured brutally in the war. Hannibal went through fourteen years there, for the most part in southern Italy. As the years passed by, the lofty slopes started to lose their topsoil. By war's end, southern Italy was for all time devastated. Indeed, in our own century, during the 1960s, the Italian government started to endeavor to recuperate and recover the land from Hannibal, an exertion that despite everything goes on discontinuously. Hannibal's inheritance outlasted Rome itself, Cato the Elder would bristle with frustration on the off chance that he knew this.

Mental and Behavioral Health Services Essay

While the eventual fate of Mental and Behavioral Health Services keep on endeavoring through many endeavoring objectives to create consistent practices, medicines, assessments, strategies, and examination, progressions are occurring to better the fate of this program and its effort to the individuals. Mental scatters are basic in the United States and universally. An expected 26.2 percent of Americans ages 18 and more established †around one out of four grown-ups †experience the ill effects of a diagnosable mental issue in a given year.1 When applied to the 2004 U.S. Enumeration private populace gauge for a very long time 18 and more seasoned, this figure meant 57.7 million people.2 Even however mental scatters are normal in the populace, the primary heap of sickness is gathered in an a lot littler extent †around 6 percent, or 1 of every 17 †who are experiencing a genuine mental illness.1 likewise, mental clutters are the main source of inability in the U.S. also, Canada.3 Many individuals experience the ill effects of more than one mental issue at a given time. Approximately, 45 percent of those with any psychological issue meet the measures for being unequivocally identified with having at least 2 disorders.1 Awareness of having a turmoil is extraordinary in the U.S. Characterized and FUTURE PROBLEMS Social wellbeing is a condition of mental/enthusiastic being or potentially decisions and activities that influence health. Substance misuse and abuse are one lot of social medical issues. Others incorporate, yet are not constrained to, genuine mental trouble, self destruction, and psychological instability (4. SAMHSA, 2011). Huge numbers of these issues are sweeping and negatively affect people, their families and networks, and the more extensive society. Examination permits us to show signs of improvement image of what the future resembles and what individuals should be proceeding to do and enhance. By investigating research, insights anticipate that by 2020, mental and substance use issue will surpass every single physical sickness as a significant reason for incapacity around the world. The yearly complete assessed cultural expense of substance maltreatment in the United States is $510.8 billion, with an expected 23.5 million Americans matured 12 and more established requiring treatment for substance use. Alongside that, consistently just about 5,000 individuals younger than 21 bite the dust because of underage drinking and in excess of 34,000 Americans kick the bucket each year because of self destruction, right around one like clockwork. Additionally, Half of all lifetime instances of mental and substance use issue start by age 14 and three-fourths by age 24â€in 2008, an expected 9.8 million grown-ups in the U.S. had a genuine dysfunctional behavior. The wellbeing and wellbeing of people in America are imperiled and the superfluous expenses to society stream across America’s people group, schools, organizations, penitentiaries and prisons, and medicinal services conveyance frameworks. Numerous projects and administrations are cooperating to limit the effect of substance misuse and psychological sicknesses on America’s people group. Numerous professionals have a profound understanding way to deal with social wellbeing and see avoidance as a major aspect of a general continuum of care. The Behavioral Health Continuum of Care Model encourages us perceive that there are different open doors for tending to social medical issues and disarranges dependent on the Mental Health Intervention Spectrum, first presented in a 1994 Institute of Medicine report, the model incorporates these parts: ( It is essential to remember that mediations don't generally fit perfectly into some classification) * Promotion: These techniques are intended to make situations and conditions that help social wellbeing and the capacity of people to withstand difficulties. Advancement systems additionally fortify the whole continuum of conduct wellbeing administrations. * Prevention: Delivered before the beginning of a confusion, these intercessions are planned to forestall or decrease the danger of building up a conduct medical issue, for example, underage liquor use, doctor prescribed medication abuse and misuse, and unlawful medication use. * Treatment: These administrations are for individuals determined to have a substance use or other conduct wellbeing issue. * Maintenance: These administrations support individuals’ consistence with long haul treatment and aftercare. Two procedures for advancing the more significant and best openings in approaching mental and conduct wellbeing administrations incorporate giving instruction to arrive at people in general, and the anticipation and early mediation matters interweaving with the Continuum model parts of treatment and upkeep. 7 The New Freedom Commission Report and Surgeon General’s Report both underscored the significance of changing open perspectives to take out the shame related with psychological sickness. Supporters for the intellectually sick recognize shame and segregation as significant hindrances to treatment. Disgrace keeps people from recognizing these conditions and disintegrates open certainty that psychological issue are treatable. A majority of Americans accept that psychological maladjustments are much the same as some other disease; notwithstanding, 25 percent of study respondents would not invite into their neighborhoods offices that treat or house individuals with dysfunctional behaviors, recommending that some degree of waiting disgrace persists.8 Sixty-one percent of Americans imagine that individuals with schizophrenia are probably going to be hazardous to others9 regardless of exploration proposing that these people are seldom violent.10 All things considered, the media assumes an enormous job in molding how the adolescent think and carry on from huge numbers of the messages kids get from TV, music, magazines, boards, and the Internet use. Be that as it may, the media can be utilized to support positive practices too. Four proof based correspondence and instruction avoidance approaches are through state funded training, social advertising, media promotion, and media proficiency that can be utilized to â€Å"influence network standards, increment open mindfulness, and pull in network support for an assortment of anticipation issues† (SAMHSA). State funded training is normally the most well-known system and is a compelling method to demonstrate backing to the turn of events and accomplishment of projects and increment mindfulness about new or existing laws, publicizing a network based program, and strengthen guidance instructed in schools or network based associations. Through social showcasing, professionals use publicizing ways of thinking to change accepted practices and advance solid practices. Social promoting efforts accomplish something beyond give data and attempts to persuade individuals to embrace another conduct by demonstrating them an advantage they will get in return.11 Social showcasing efforts are being utilized in an assortment of social administrations and general wellbeing settings. Media promotion includes forming the manner in which social issues are examined in the media to assemble support for changes in open arrangement. By working straightforwardly with nearby papers, TV, and radio to change both the measure of inclusion the media give and the substance of that inclusion, media advocates plan to impact the manner in which individuals talk and consider a social or open policy12. Media proficiency is a more up to date interchanges system planned for showing youngsters basic survey aptitudes. Media proficiency programs show ki ds how to break down and comprehend the media messages they experience so they can more readily comprehend what they’re truly being approached to do and think. Deductions about a program adequacy depends on three things: (1) proportions of key builds, for example, chance and defensive factors or procedures, manifestations, issue, or different results, and program execution, constancy, or investment; (2) an investigation structure that figures out which members are being analyzed, how and when they will be surveyed, and what mediations they will get; and (3) factual examinations that model how those given an intercession vary on results contrasted and those in a correlation condition 19 Before, experts and specialists saw substance misuse counteraction not the same as the anticipation of other conduct medical issues. However, proof shows that the populaces are fundamentally influenced by these covering issues just as elements that add to these issues. Along these lines, enhancements in a single region normally impactsly affect the other. As indicated by the Substance Abuse and National Health Services Administration, not all individuals or populaces are at a similar danger of creating social medical issues. Numerous youngsters have more than one social issue. These disarranges can associate and add to the nearness of different issue. Other than broad exploration reporting solid relations between different issues, it’s not in every case clear what prompts what. Mental and physical wellbeing is likewise associated. Great emotional wellness frequently adds to great physical wellbeing. Similarly, the nearness of emotional well-being issue, including substance misuse and reliance, is regularly connected with physical wellbeing issue also (O’Connell, 2009). One significant progression that has been as of late made is from The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, adding another hunt highlight to its National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices (NREPP) Web website. The component permits clients to recognize NREPP mediations that have been assessed in near viability research examines. Both the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress have advocated extra interests in similar adequacy exploration to upgrade open comprehension about which human services mediations are best in various conditions and with various patients. The new NREPP highlight can give added data to States and networks looking to figure out which psychological wellness and substance misuse counteraction and treatment intercessions may best address their requirements. The Surgeon General’s takes note of that â€Å"effective intercessions help individuals to understan

Buddha and his sermon :: essays research papers

     Hindu Kshatriya, who was cautioned by â€Å"Brahman soothsayers†, let his child venture out from home to live among the searchers of the woodland. His child was Gotama Siddhartha, referred to most history specialists as Buddha. What is supposed to be Buddha’s first message was conveyed quickly after his edification. The message contains what in the long run turns into the lifestyle for individuals who follow the Buddhist religion; the four respectable realities, the eightfold way, and the center way. Since Siddhartha was so protected from the real world, he set out on an excursion to discover where he would fit in his life, and through this he turned out to be very illuminated.      Siddhartha addressed numerous things on his day by day undertakings in the recreation center. Why individuals matured, why individuals kicked the bucket, why some sought after strict convictions, and why ailment fell on specific individuals. He asked himself what these individuals have done to merit these things. The raja didn't care for the way that his child was feeling distress for these individuals. From that point on he ensured that Siddhartha was encircled with just delighted sights. The raja assumed if he continued seeing these things, he could never need to turn into a ruler. All through this story it appeared just as Siddhartha lived, until this point, an unreasonable life. (Reilly, 164)      In Siddhartha’s venture he saw a man with a yellow robe, and no hair. The charioteer disclosed to him that he was a strict man and esteemed everything throughout everyday life. He at that point returned home and shaved off the entirety of his hair and wore a yellow robe. (Reilly, 171) The individuals were shocked that the sovereign took these activities, and thought it was stupid; in light of the fact that by doing these things didn't make him strict. Siddhartha got known as Gotama the Bodhisat. All he needed was to discover a path for individuals to get away from their sufferings and adversities. Siddhartha at that point began getting illuminated on his excursion to get strict.      The genuine importance of Buddhist idea included the accompanying; four honorable facts, the eightfold way and the center way. The four respectable certainties contained four proclamations of rationale. Expressing that life is distress, distress is the aftereffect of narrow minded want, egotistical want can be obliterated, and it tends to be demolished by following the eightfold way. The eightfold way is eight stages to a quiet psyche. The eight stages included right perspectives, right purpose, right discourse, right direct, right work, right exertion, right care, and right fixation.

Focus Groups Essay -- essays research papers

Center Groups      Focus bunches are a subjective type of promoting research that can enable an advertiser to survey shopper needs and sentiments such that basic polls can not. In a center gathering, you unite a little gathering to talk about issues and worries about the highlights of an item. Members are typically paid an expense for their time. An advertiser can increase important data, for example, increasing a customer’s mentalities and deciding promoting influence. The gathering is regularly run by an arbitrator who keeps up the gathering's core interest. Some ongoing subjects of enthusiasm with respect to this subject are center gatherings for publicizing, Online center gatherings, and political center gatherings.      Traditional center gatherings for the most part manage a customers response to an item, regardless of whether it be positive or negative. In today’s promotion pressed media, advertisers need to stress over how customers respond to their publicizing. Numerous advertisers have set up center gatherings to do only that: check how productive a promotion is, regardless of whether the gathering was intrigued, and if the advertisement and brand name can be reviewed from the spot.  â â â â      Companies, for example, Motorola have utilized center gatherings to measure the viability of ads. At the point when the organization decided to dispatch the â€Å"Wings† battle, they were uncertain of what melody would be suitable for the T.V spot. A mind-boggling reaction from a center gathering prompted the utilization of the Rolling Stones melody â€Å"You Can’t Always Get What You Want†. Advertisers at Motorola raised worries of whether the tune was suitable, in light of the title. After a positive reaction from their center gathering, the organization ran the advertisement. â€Å"overwhelmingly constructive center gathering reaction to the Rolling Stones as a transgenerational and transgeographic symbol affirmed individuals were increasingly intrigued by the feeling of the music than the lyrics.† (Adage.com, Snyder)      While customary center gatherings and their up close and personal strategy for gathering information has demonstrated to be compelling, the web has demonstrated to be both increasingly viable and progressively advantageous. A customary center gathering typically comprises of around 10 individuals, while an online gathering can arrive at a great many members. The DiscoverWhy bunch is one such gathering that holds online surveys and center gatherings for different organizations. So as to test the effectiv... ...se the data carefully can increase important understanding to troublesome issues.  â â â â http://adage.com/search97cgi/s97_cgi?action=View&VdkVgwKey=%2E%2E%2F%2E%2E%2F%2E%2E%2Fadage%2Fwww%2Fnews%5Fand%5Ffeatures%2Ffeatures%2F19980420%2Farticle2%2Ehtml&DocOffset=35&DocsFound=92&QueryZip=focus+group&SearchUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fadage%2Ecom%2Fsearch97cgi%2Fs97%5Fcgi%3Faction%3DSearch%26QueryZip%3Dfocus%2Bgroup%26Filter%3Dadage%255Fbak%252Ehts%26ResultTemplate%3Dadage%255Fresults%252Ehts%26QueryText%3Dfocus%2Bgroup%26ResultStart%3D31%26ResultCount%3D10& http://adage.com/search97cgi/s97_cgi?action=View&VdkVgwKey=%2E%2E%2F%2E%2E%2F%2E%2E%2Fadage%2Fwww%2Finteractive%2Farticles%2F20000327%2Farticle1%2Ehtml&DocOffset=17&DocsFound=92&QueryZip=focus+groups&SearchUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fadage%2Ecom%2Fsearch97cgi%2Fs97%5Fcgi%3Faction%3DSearch%26QueryZip%3Dfocus%2Bgroups%26Filter%3Dadage%255Fbak%252Ehts%26ResultTemplate%3Dadage%255Fresults%252Ehts%26QueryText%3Dfocus%2Bgroups%26ResultStart%3D11%26ResultCount%3D10& http://www.adcritic.com/corporate/ http://www.mtv.com/sendme.tin?page=/mtv/news/chooseorlose/highlights/feature_0306.html

The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Essays

The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Essays The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Paper The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Paper Plath’s genuine union with the artist Ted Hughes required, as even a careless look of the biographic record demonstrates, a replication of the â€Å"Tyrant† subject related with her dad in her diaries and in the sonnet â€Å"Daddy. † The shameful subtleties of Plath’s union with Hughes included sexual mastery and accommodation, physical battling, disloyalty, beautiful contention, and an investigation of mystery, including Cabalistic work and magickal activities. This last thought of magickal and cabalistic practices urges the sonnet â€Å"Daddy† in a hidden personal reference â€Å"With my vagabond ancestress and my unusual karma/And my Taroc pack and my Taroc pack/I might be somewhat of a Jew. † These lines may appear to be dark - or simply inside the created extent of the sonnet; notwithstanding, investigation of Plath’s life story uncovers that these lines conjure her feeling of mistreatment through magic likely carried upon by her magickal relationship with Hughes. Notwithstanding Cabala , crystal gazing, and Tarot, Hughes rehearsed spellbinding on Plath looking to manage her to self-confirmation and graceful motivation. (Malcom). In â€Å"Daddy,† Plath distinguishes herself, mysteriously, as an abused Jew showing that she respected Hughes’ endeavors to manage her as counterfeit and obliging of her own endowments, which, thus, brought upon her own coercion to mistreatment. Rather than enlightenment, darkness, radiates from father and spouse. Here, a significant differentiation among life account and story is made; a qualification which pushes the sonnet in a Confessional mode from the only close to home, and in this way turning out to be, maybe, bloated or sensational as opposed to entrancing and emotional. This qualification is that Plath recognizes her speaker with the Jews of the Auschwitz, Dachua, and Belsen inhumane imprisonments, commending her own method of enduring brought upon by her dads demise and her harsh union with a height that would reverberate not just with those acquainted with an incredible subtleties yet with the individuals who had never known her. All things considered, the sonnet picks up its generally vile and maybe most remarkable energies from profoundly self-portraying admission. That â€Å"Daddy† was composed by Plath as an activity in close to home cleansing, just as a verse sonnet intended to energize enormous crowds, is self-evident. The lines which apparently unexpectedly allude to San Francisco: Ghastly sculpture with one dark toe/Big as a Frisco Seal/And a head in the abnormal Atlantic. † recognize the daddy in the sonnet â€Å"as a monster who extends across America from the Atlantic to the Pacifica mammoth significantly bigger than the one portrayed in The Colossus. These apparently dark subtleties are in truth references to Plaths father: the Ghastly sculpture with one dim toe is Otto Plaths gangrenous leg, and San Francisco Bay is the place he directed his examination on muscid hatchlings. † (Plath 194). The poem’s account bend hints self destruction in the poem’s opening lines, and rehashes the assertion of self destruction in the lines â€Å"At twenty I attempted to kick the bucket/And get back, back, back to you.? I thought even bones would do. † Thus, self destruction turns into the certain type of retribution with the â€Å"stake† in Daddy’s â€Å"fat dark heart† being the stake of death-and the poet’s demise as a demonstration of vengeance and individual strengthening. Annas, Pamela J. A Disturbance in Mirrors: The Poetry of Sylvia Plath. New York: Greenwood Press, 1988. Plath, Sylvia. The Unabridged Journals of Sylvia Plath. New York NY Anchor Books. 2000. Plath, Sylvia The Collected Poems New York NY: HarperPerennial 1992. Malcolm, Janet. The Silent Woman: Sylvia Plath Ted Hughes. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1994.

Pediophobia or the Fear of Dolls

Pediophobia or the Fear of Dolls Phobias Types Print Pediophobia: The Fear of Dolls By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Updated on January 19, 2020 Westend61 / Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Pediophobia, or the fear of dolls, is relatively common. It is believed to be a type of automatonophobia, or fear of humanoid figures. Some people are afraid of all dolls and stuffed toys, while others fear only a specific type. Dolls that talk or move and old-fashioned china dolls are especially common targets of fear. Pediophobia and Children Many parents want their children, especially little girls, to love dolls. They may become distressed if their child screams or cries when a doll is presented. It is important to keep in mind, though, that small children are just learning to separate fantasy from reality. A doll, which appears to be human but is not, can be terrifying to a child who does not yet understand the concept. Therefore, like most phobias, pediophobia is not diagnosed in children unless it has persisted for more than six months. Of course, if your child’s fear is severe or inconsolable, it is important to ask for the advice of the child’s doctor. Pediophobia in Pop Culture The fear of dolls has been heavily exploited in pop culture settings, ranging from movies to Halloween events. In most of these occurrences, the premise is that a seemingly harmless doll has become a sentient being bent on destruction. Whether this happens through magical spells or random chance, the net result is the same: a child’s plaything has become deadly. These films tap a primal fear that may be one of the roots of pediophobia; the fear of the silent killer. In a world filled with threats, ranging from bioterrorism to tainted spinach, it is common to worry that something we cannot recognize as dangerous could lead to our destruction. This is one of the basic fears present in doomsday phobias and exploited in Hollywood films, such as Without Warning. List of Phobias, From the Strange to the Common Diagnosis Since pediophobia may be linked to a range of other fears, it is important that only a trained professional attempt to make a diagnosis. Your therapist will ask direct questions that are designed to help you clarify exactly what you fear. You can, however, prepare for your visit by making a list of your specific triggers. Are you afraid of all dolls or only certain types? Have you always been afraid or can you pinpoint when the fear began? Do you have other fears that may or may not be related? Gathering as much information as you can ahead of your visit can assist your therapist in making an accurate diagnosis. Treatment Pediophobia is easily treatable. Depending on the exact nature of your fear, a range of talk therapy styles may be appropriate. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is the most common for those with a specific phobia, as it is both time-limited and effective. It is not the only choice, though. Another type of therapy that may be helpful is exposure therapy because it helps you get used to the presence of dolls by repeated exposure to them, which can help reduce or get rid of your fear altogether.

The World Social Forum Writing Assignment Paper - 825 Words

The World Social Forum Writing Assignment Paper (Coursework Sample) Content: Students NameProfessors NameCourse TitleSubmission DateThe World Social ForumThe World Social Forum (WSF) is a global social movement that embodies the tenets of a worldwide civil society out to champion the rights of the socioeconomically disadvantaged communities in the developing countries from the effect of globalization and capitalism. The WSF first held its annual meeting in Porto Alegre, Brazil and has expanded to and continued to hold such annual events around different capital cities of the developing countries around the world. The main impetus of the forum is to champion a self-conscious and an alternative course of socioeconomic and political empowerment different from capitalism. Therefore, the movement has endeavored with the mission through a joint and collaborative efforts with nongovernmental organizations, formal and informal social movements in the developing countries, and lobbyists groups with the goal of seeking international solidarity. However, through the years, there has been growing concerns of the questionable direction the forum has been taking and some critics have termed it as a diversion of the movements original ideals. Moreover, critics argue that the WSF is heavily politicized basing in the manner different groups having represented within the organization and this continues to perpetuate gender disparity racial tension from the beginning.Internal politics, the conflicts of interest, and the underrepresentation of different groups of people continues to shape the way in which women and some racial minorities are given space during the annual events. Teivainen (626) notes that the gender and racial tensions have created and continue to cause internal conflicts which have been part of the movement following its inception. As much as Brazil may create a positive image of the existing harmonious ethnic heterogeneity, racism is a daunting issue that still permeates the society across Brazilians of all walks of life. Institutionalized racism exists within the progressive intellectual ranks in the Brazilian society and the middle class white people dominate and occupy the high status high up the social hierarchy. Observers and critics have argued that most of WSF are predominantly graced by white males who are a far-cry from the typical Brazilian citizen participation in the event (Teivainen 626). Interestingly, the perceived whiteness of the participants in the forum does not result from the lack of delegates and representatives from Africa, India, Asia, other parts of Latin America, and the Caribbean but even the majority of individuals representing Brazil at these events happen to be middle class whites. Therefore, from the perspective of an organization whose mission is to empower the socioeconomically disadvantaged groups against the psychopathic nature of multinational corporations in the wake of globalization, the WSF has terribly failed in social inclusion.In yet another event, the auton omous nature of WSF continues to raise questions owing to the heavy presence of representatives of the Cuban government and the Revolutionary Forces of Columbia in 2001. The goal of the WSF was for global grassroot transformation through changing the lives of the socioeconomically disadvantaged communities largely marginalized by the political regimes in their countries or exploited by global corporate expansion and was not supposed to assume a political agenda. However, the heavy presence of the Cuban government officials. According to Teivainen (626), the open disapproval of the Cuban government officials presence did not come from the forum representatives but from the local press outside the event. In 2002, the annual event was held in Brazil coinciding with the general elections in the country and the Cuban representatives appeared in the country in large numbers. Teivainen (626) notes that, Cuban influence over the event was apparent as many representatives for the participati ng organizations adorned Che Guevaras paraphernalia in the event. The presence of government officials is an indication of the overwhelming political and ideology movement to counteract other dominant ideologies and this is a contradiction to the agenda and goals of the organization. Although the WSF was formed to champion the rights of the marginalized communities in the developing countries and cushion such people from the negative effects of capitalism, the movement was never intended to be a political or ideological movement with the goal of perpetuating criticism for the global capitalism.Moreover, during the first WSF meeting, the Armed Revolutionary Forces of Columbia guerillas ...