Hannibal Essay -- essays research papers

Hannibal, a Carthaginian general and probably the best broad that at any point lived was fame for his techniques and mental fortitude, for example, crossing the Alps and utilizing the "bottleneck strategy" at Lake Trasemene. He utilized systems that a great deal of officers as of now, particularly Roman commanders, could never consider and in doing this he nearly devastated the Roman republic. Hannibal's first fight occurred when he was just nine. He went on an undertaking with his dad, Hamilcar Barca, to vanquish Spain. From the earliest starting point Carthage’s drive into Spain, Hannibal promised interminable contempt for Rome; Hannibal became Commander in Chief of Carthage’s armed force when he was 26 after his dad was killed. His victory of the Roman town of Sagunto in Spain prompted another affirmation of war by Rome; which began the subsequent Punic War and Hannibal’s guarantee to visit Roman bad form back on Rome a hundred crease. For Carthage to take the town of Sagunto was totally inside the privileges of the Carthage and the arrangement yet Rome at the time was getting too large and getting imperialistic. All Rome could see was that they needed to have the entirety of the Mediterranean and the main thing that held them up was a solitary General and his men. The manner by which the Romans were unwittingly wandering from "mos maiorum& amp;quot; to control the course of occasions was upsetting. Despite the fact that these activities were not so much the "evil" work of Rome. Hannibal from his most punctual recollections could review only contempt for Rome. Hannibal’s Father had imparted a horrendously reckless want inside Hannibal to see the fall of Rome. This craving showed itself during The Second Punic War, which was a definitive battle for incomparability in the Ancient World. The victor would have authority over the whole Mediterranean Sea and the entirety of the exchange courses bringing land, pride, riches, and predominance over the victors adversaries. Hannibal took a 1,000 mile trek from New Carthage, Spain, through the Alps, Northern Italy, lastly to Carthage. Hannibal won a large portion of his fights with Rome, however never got the support he expected to over take Rome. The men that he had with him at the time were eminent for their unwaveringness to Hannibal and flighty battling strategies. Their "Gorilla" type war reasonable or wars of "delaying" nearly observed t... ... demise and devastation for the Romans that Adolf Hitler would to our Civilization. Hannibal’s name got equal with the generalization that Rome had of the Carthaginian treacherousness. Furthermore, it was this that Rome never needed to see again; so to be a decent Roman, one must be encouraged what it was to be a "Hannibal" and how not to be a "Hannibal." In the end Rome was shown numerous important exercises and to the victor go the crown jewels; so it is a proportion of the dread Hannibal’s name ingrained, that long after he was dead and gone, guardians would admonish shrewd kids with the notice that in the event that they weren't acceptable, Hannibal would come to get them in the night. Italy itself endured brutally in the war. Hannibal went through fourteen years there, for the most part in southern Italy. As the years passed by, the lofty slopes started to lose their topsoil. By war's end, southern Italy was for all time devastated. Indeed, in our own century, during the 1960s, the Italian government started to endeavor to recuperate and recover the land from Hannibal, an exertion that despite everything goes on discontinuously. Hannibal's inheritance outlasted Rome itself, Cato the Elder would bristle with frustration on the off chance that he knew this.

Mental and Behavioral Health Services Essay

While the eventual fate of Mental and Behavioral Health Services keep on endeavoring through many endeavoring objectives to create consistent practices, medicines, assessments, strategies, and examination, progressions are occurring to better the fate of this program and its effort to the individuals. Mental scatters are basic in the United States and universally. An expected 26.2 percent of Americans ages 18 and more established †around one out of four grown-ups †experience the ill effects of a diagnosable mental issue in a given year.1 When applied to the 2004 U.S. Enumeration private populace gauge for a very long time 18 and more seasoned, this figure meant 57.7 million people.2 Even however mental scatters are normal in the populace, the primary heap of sickness is gathered in an a lot littler extent †around 6 percent, or 1 of every 17 †who are experiencing a genuine mental illness.1 likewise, mental clutters are the main source of inability in the U.S. also, Canada.3 Many individuals experience the ill effects of more than one mental issue at a given time. Approximately, 45 percent of those with any psychological issue meet the measures for being unequivocally identified with having at least 2 disorders.1 Awareness of having a turmoil is extraordinary in the U.S. Characterized and FUTURE PROBLEMS Social wellbeing is a condition of mental/enthusiastic being or potentially decisions and activities that influence health. Substance misuse and abuse are one lot of social medical issues. Others incorporate, yet are not constrained to, genuine mental trouble, self destruction, and psychological instability (4. SAMHSA, 2011). Huge numbers of these issues are sweeping and negatively affect people, their families and networks, and the more extensive society. Examination permits us to show signs of improvement image of what the future resembles and what individuals should be proceeding to do and enhance. By investigating research, insights anticipate that by 2020, mental and substance use issue will surpass every single physical sickness as a significant reason for incapacity around the world. The yearly complete assessed cultural expense of substance maltreatment in the United States is $510.8 billion, with an expected 23.5 million Americans matured 12 and more established requiring treatment for substance use. Alongside that, consistently just about 5,000 individuals younger than 21 bite the dust because of underage drinking and in excess of 34,000 Americans kick the bucket each year because of self destruction, right around one like clockwork. Additionally, Half of all lifetime instances of mental and substance use issue start by age 14 and three-fourths by age 24â€in 2008, an expected 9.8 million grown-ups in the U.S. had a genuine dysfunctional behavior. The wellbeing and wellbeing of people in America are imperiled and the superfluous expenses to society stream across America’s people group, schools, organizations, penitentiaries and prisons, and medicinal services conveyance frameworks. Numerous projects and administrations are cooperating to limit the effect of substance misuse and psychological sicknesses on America’s people group. Numerous professionals have a profound understanding way to deal with social wellbeing and see avoidance as a major aspect of a general continuum of care. The Behavioral Health Continuum of Care Model encourages us perceive that there are different open doors for tending to social medical issues and disarranges dependent on the Mental Health Intervention Spectrum, first presented in a 1994 Institute of Medicine report, the model incorporates these parts: ( It is essential to remember that mediations don't generally fit perfectly into some classification) * Promotion: These techniques are intended to make situations and conditions that help social wellbeing and the capacity of people to withstand difficulties. Advancement systems additionally fortify the whole continuum of conduct wellbeing administrations. * Prevention: Delivered before the beginning of a confusion, these intercessions are planned to forestall or decrease the danger of building up a conduct medical issue, for example, underage liquor use, doctor prescribed medication abuse and misuse, and unlawful medication use. * Treatment: These administrations are for individuals determined to have a substance use or other conduct wellbeing issue. * Maintenance: These administrations support individuals’ consistence with long haul treatment and aftercare. Two procedures for advancing the more significant and best openings in approaching mental and conduct wellbeing administrations incorporate giving instruction to arrive at people in general, and the anticipation and early mediation matters interweaving with the Continuum model parts of treatment and upkeep. 7 The New Freedom Commission Report and Surgeon General’s Report both underscored the significance of changing open perspectives to take out the shame related with psychological sickness. Supporters for the intellectually sick recognize shame and segregation as significant hindrances to treatment. Disgrace keeps people from recognizing these conditions and disintegrates open certainty that psychological issue are treatable. A majority of Americans accept that psychological maladjustments are much the same as some other disease; notwithstanding, 25 percent of study respondents would not invite into their neighborhoods offices that treat or house individuals with dysfunctional behaviors, recommending that some degree of waiting disgrace persists.8 Sixty-one percent of Americans imagine that individuals with schizophrenia are probably going to be hazardous to others9 regardless of exploration proposing that these people are seldom violent.10 All things considered, the media assumes an enormous job in molding how the adolescent think and carry on from huge numbers of the messages kids get from TV, music, magazines, boards, and the Internet use. Be that as it may, the media can be utilized to support positive practices too. Four proof based correspondence and instruction avoidance approaches are through state funded training, social advertising, media promotion, and media proficiency that can be utilized to â€Å"influence network standards, increment open mindfulness, and pull in network support for an assortment of anticipation issues† (SAMHSA). State funded training is normally the most well-known system and is a compelling method to demonstrate backing to the turn of events and accomplishment of projects and increment mindfulness about new or existing laws, publicizing a network based program, and strengthen guidance instructed in schools or network based associations. Through social showcasing, professionals use publicizing ways of thinking to change accepted practices and advance solid practices. Social promoting efforts accomplish something beyond give data and attempts to persuade individuals to embrace another conduct by demonstrating them an advantage they will get in return.11 Social showcasing efforts are being utilized in an assortment of social administrations and general wellbeing settings. Media promotion includes forming the manner in which social issues are examined in the media to assemble support for changes in open arrangement. By working straightforwardly with nearby papers, TV, and radio to change both the measure of inclusion the media give and the substance of that inclusion, media advocates plan to impact the manner in which individuals talk and consider a social or open policy12. Media proficiency is a more up to date interchanges system planned for showing youngsters basic survey aptitudes. Media proficiency programs show ki ds how to break down and comprehend the media messages they experience so they can more readily comprehend what they’re truly being approached to do and think. Deductions about a program adequacy depends on three things: (1) proportions of key builds, for example, chance and defensive factors or procedures, manifestations, issue, or different results, and program execution, constancy, or investment; (2) an investigation structure that figures out which members are being analyzed, how and when they will be surveyed, and what mediations they will get; and (3) factual examinations that model how those given an intercession vary on results contrasted and those in a correlation condition 19 Before, experts and specialists saw substance misuse counteraction not the same as the anticipation of other conduct medical issues. However, proof shows that the populaces are fundamentally influenced by these covering issues just as elements that add to these issues. Along these lines, enhancements in a single region normally impactsly affect the other. As indicated by the Substance Abuse and National Health Services Administration, not all individuals or populaces are at a similar danger of creating social medical issues. Numerous youngsters have more than one social issue. These disarranges can associate and add to the nearness of different issue. Other than broad exploration reporting solid relations between different issues, it’s not in every case clear what prompts what. Mental and physical wellbeing is likewise associated. Great emotional wellness frequently adds to great physical wellbeing. Similarly, the nearness of emotional well-being issue, including substance misuse and reliance, is regularly connected with physical wellbeing issue also (O’Connell, 2009). One significant progression that has been as of late made is from The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, adding another hunt highlight to its National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices (NREPP) Web website. The component permits clients to recognize NREPP mediations that have been assessed in near viability research examines. Both the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress have advocated extra interests in similar adequacy exploration to upgrade open comprehension about which human services mediations are best in various conditions and with various patients. The new NREPP highlight can give added data to States and networks looking to figure out which psychological wellness and substance misuse counteraction and treatment intercessions may best address their requirements. The Surgeon General’s takes note of that â€Å"effective intercessions help individuals to understan

Buddha and his sermon :: essays research papers

     Hindu Kshatriya, who was cautioned by â€Å"Brahman soothsayers†, let his child venture out from home to live among the searchers of the woodland. His child was Gotama Siddhartha, referred to most history specialists as Buddha. What is supposed to be Buddha’s first message was conveyed quickly after his edification. The message contains what in the long run turns into the lifestyle for individuals who follow the Buddhist religion; the four respectable realities, the eightfold way, and the center way. Since Siddhartha was so protected from the real world, he set out on an excursion to discover where he would fit in his life, and through this he turned out to be very illuminated.      Siddhartha addressed numerous things on his day by day undertakings in the recreation center. Why individuals matured, why individuals kicked the bucket, why some sought after strict convictions, and why ailment fell on specific individuals. He asked himself what these individuals have done to merit these things. The raja didn't care for the way that his child was feeling distress for these individuals. From that point on he ensured that Siddhartha was encircled with just delighted sights. The raja assumed if he continued seeing these things, he could never need to turn into a ruler. All through this story it appeared just as Siddhartha lived, until this point, an unreasonable life. (Reilly, 164)      In Siddhartha’s venture he saw a man with a yellow robe, and no hair. The charioteer disclosed to him that he was a strict man and esteemed everything throughout everyday life. He at that point returned home and shaved off the entirety of his hair and wore a yellow robe. (Reilly, 171) The individuals were shocked that the sovereign took these activities, and thought it was stupid; in light of the fact that by doing these things didn't make him strict. Siddhartha got known as Gotama the Bodhisat. All he needed was to discover a path for individuals to get away from their sufferings and adversities. Siddhartha at that point began getting illuminated on his excursion to get strict.      The genuine importance of Buddhist idea included the accompanying; four honorable facts, the eightfold way and the center way. The four respectable certainties contained four proclamations of rationale. Expressing that life is distress, distress is the aftereffect of narrow minded want, egotistical want can be obliterated, and it tends to be demolished by following the eightfold way. The eightfold way is eight stages to a quiet psyche. The eight stages included right perspectives, right purpose, right discourse, right direct, right work, right exertion, right care, and right fixation.

Focus Groups Essay -- essays research papers

Center Groups      Focus bunches are a subjective type of promoting research that can enable an advertiser to survey shopper needs and sentiments such that basic polls can not. In a center gathering, you unite a little gathering to talk about issues and worries about the highlights of an item. Members are typically paid an expense for their time. An advertiser can increase important data, for example, increasing a customer’s mentalities and deciding promoting influence. The gathering is regularly run by an arbitrator who keeps up the gathering's core interest. Some ongoing subjects of enthusiasm with respect to this subject are center gatherings for publicizing, Online center gatherings, and political center gatherings.      Traditional center gatherings for the most part manage a customers response to an item, regardless of whether it be positive or negative. In today’s promotion pressed media, advertisers need to stress over how customers respond to their publicizing. Numerous advertisers have set up center gatherings to do only that: check how productive a promotion is, regardless of whether the gathering was intrigued, and if the advertisement and brand name can be reviewed from the spot.  â â â â      Companies, for example, Motorola have utilized center gatherings to measure the viability of ads. At the point when the organization decided to dispatch the â€Å"Wings† battle, they were uncertain of what melody would be suitable for the T.V spot. A mind-boggling reaction from a center gathering prompted the utilization of the Rolling Stones melody â€Å"You Can’t Always Get What You Want†. Advertisers at Motorola raised worries of whether the tune was suitable, in light of the title. After a positive reaction from their center gathering, the organization ran the advertisement. â€Å"overwhelmingly constructive center gathering reaction to the Rolling Stones as a transgenerational and transgeographic symbol affirmed individuals were increasingly intrigued by the feeling of the music than the lyrics.† (Adage.com, Snyder)      While customary center gatherings and their up close and personal strategy for gathering information has demonstrated to be compelling, the web has demonstrated to be both increasingly viable and progressively advantageous. A customary center gathering typically comprises of around 10 individuals, while an online gathering can arrive at a great many members. The DiscoverWhy bunch is one such gathering that holds online surveys and center gatherings for different organizations. So as to test the effectiv... ...se the data carefully can increase important understanding to troublesome issues.  â â â â http://adage.com/search97cgi/s97_cgi?action=View&VdkVgwKey=%2E%2E%2F%2E%2E%2F%2E%2E%2Fadage%2Fwww%2Fnews%5Fand%5Ffeatures%2Ffeatures%2F19980420%2Farticle2%2Ehtml&DocOffset=35&DocsFound=92&QueryZip=focus+group&SearchUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fadage%2Ecom%2Fsearch97cgi%2Fs97%5Fcgi%3Faction%3DSearch%26QueryZip%3Dfocus%2Bgroup%26Filter%3Dadage%255Fbak%252Ehts%26ResultTemplate%3Dadage%255Fresults%252Ehts%26QueryText%3Dfocus%2Bgroup%26ResultStart%3D31%26ResultCount%3D10& http://adage.com/search97cgi/s97_cgi?action=View&VdkVgwKey=%2E%2E%2F%2E%2E%2F%2E%2E%2Fadage%2Fwww%2Finteractive%2Farticles%2F20000327%2Farticle1%2Ehtml&DocOffset=17&DocsFound=92&QueryZip=focus+groups&SearchUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fadage%2Ecom%2Fsearch97cgi%2Fs97%5Fcgi%3Faction%3DSearch%26QueryZip%3Dfocus%2Bgroups%26Filter%3Dadage%255Fbak%252Ehts%26ResultTemplate%3Dadage%255Fresults%252Ehts%26QueryText%3Dfocus%2Bgroups%26ResultStart%3D11%26ResultCount%3D10& http://www.adcritic.com/corporate/ http://www.mtv.com/sendme.tin?page=/mtv/news/chooseorlose/highlights/feature_0306.html

The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Essays

The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Essays The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Paper The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Paper Plath’s genuine union with the artist Ted Hughes required, as even a careless look of the biographic record demonstrates, a replication of the â€Å"Tyrant† subject related with her dad in her diaries and in the sonnet â€Å"Daddy. † The shameful subtleties of Plath’s union with Hughes included sexual mastery and accommodation, physical battling, disloyalty, beautiful contention, and an investigation of mystery, including Cabalistic work and magickal activities. This last thought of magickal and cabalistic practices urges the sonnet â€Å"Daddy† in a hidden personal reference â€Å"With my vagabond ancestress and my unusual karma/And my Taroc pack and my Taroc pack/I might be somewhat of a Jew. † These lines may appear to be dark - or simply inside the created extent of the sonnet; notwithstanding, investigation of Plath’s life story uncovers that these lines conjure her feeling of mistreatment through magic likely carried upon by her magickal relationship with Hughes. Notwithstanding Cabala , crystal gazing, and Tarot, Hughes rehearsed spellbinding on Plath looking to manage her to self-confirmation and graceful motivation. (Malcom). In â€Å"Daddy,† Plath distinguishes herself, mysteriously, as an abused Jew showing that she respected Hughes’ endeavors to manage her as counterfeit and obliging of her own endowments, which, thus, brought upon her own coercion to mistreatment. Rather than enlightenment, darkness, radiates from father and spouse. Here, a significant differentiation among life account and story is made; a qualification which pushes the sonnet in a Confessional mode from the only close to home, and in this way turning out to be, maybe, bloated or sensational as opposed to entrancing and emotional. This qualification is that Plath recognizes her speaker with the Jews of the Auschwitz, Dachua, and Belsen inhumane imprisonments, commending her own method of enduring brought upon by her dads demise and her harsh union with a height that would reverberate not just with those acquainted with an incredible subtleties yet with the individuals who had never known her. All things considered, the sonnet picks up its generally vile and maybe most remarkable energies from profoundly self-portraying admission. That â€Å"Daddy† was composed by Plath as an activity in close to home cleansing, just as a verse sonnet intended to energize enormous crowds, is self-evident. The lines which apparently unexpectedly allude to San Francisco: Ghastly sculpture with one dark toe/Big as a Frisco Seal/And a head in the abnormal Atlantic. † recognize the daddy in the sonnet â€Å"as a monster who extends across America from the Atlantic to the Pacifica mammoth significantly bigger than the one portrayed in The Colossus. These apparently dark subtleties are in truth references to Plaths father: the Ghastly sculpture with one dim toe is Otto Plaths gangrenous leg, and San Francisco Bay is the place he directed his examination on muscid hatchlings. † (Plath 194). The poem’s account bend hints self destruction in the poem’s opening lines, and rehashes the assertion of self destruction in the lines â€Å"At twenty I attempted to kick the bucket/And get back, back, back to you.? I thought even bones would do. † Thus, self destruction turns into the certain type of retribution with the â€Å"stake† in Daddy’s â€Å"fat dark heart† being the stake of death-and the poet’s demise as a demonstration of vengeance and individual strengthening. Annas, Pamela J. A Disturbance in Mirrors: The Poetry of Sylvia Plath. New York: Greenwood Press, 1988. Plath, Sylvia. The Unabridged Journals of Sylvia Plath. New York NY Anchor Books. 2000. Plath, Sylvia The Collected Poems New York NY: HarperPerennial 1992. Malcolm, Janet. The Silent Woman: Sylvia Plath Ted Hughes. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1994.

Pediophobia or the Fear of Dolls

Pediophobia or the Fear of Dolls Phobias Types Print Pediophobia: The Fear of Dolls By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Updated on January 19, 2020 Westend61 / Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Pediophobia, or the fear of dolls, is relatively common. It is believed to be a type of automatonophobia, or fear of humanoid figures. Some people are afraid of all dolls and stuffed toys, while others fear only a specific type. Dolls that talk or move and old-fashioned china dolls are especially common targets of fear. Pediophobia and Children Many parents want their children, especially little girls, to love dolls. They may become distressed if their child screams or cries when a doll is presented. It is important to keep in mind, though, that small children are just learning to separate fantasy from reality. A doll, which appears to be human but is not, can be terrifying to a child who does not yet understand the concept. Therefore, like most phobias, pediophobia is not diagnosed in children unless it has persisted for more than six months. Of course, if your child’s fear is severe or inconsolable, it is important to ask for the advice of the child’s doctor. Pediophobia in Pop Culture The fear of dolls has been heavily exploited in pop culture settings, ranging from movies to Halloween events. In most of these occurrences, the premise is that a seemingly harmless doll has become a sentient being bent on destruction. Whether this happens through magical spells or random chance, the net result is the same: a child’s plaything has become deadly. These films tap a primal fear that may be one of the roots of pediophobia; the fear of the silent killer. In a world filled with threats, ranging from bioterrorism to tainted spinach, it is common to worry that something we cannot recognize as dangerous could lead to our destruction. This is one of the basic fears present in doomsday phobias and exploited in Hollywood films, such as Without Warning. List of Phobias, From the Strange to the Common Diagnosis Since pediophobia may be linked to a range of other fears, it is important that only a trained professional attempt to make a diagnosis. Your therapist will ask direct questions that are designed to help you clarify exactly what you fear. You can, however, prepare for your visit by making a list of your specific triggers. Are you afraid of all dolls or only certain types? Have you always been afraid or can you pinpoint when the fear began? Do you have other fears that may or may not be related? Gathering as much information as you can ahead of your visit can assist your therapist in making an accurate diagnosis. Treatment Pediophobia is easily treatable. Depending on the exact nature of your fear, a range of talk therapy styles may be appropriate. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is the most common for those with a specific phobia, as it is both time-limited and effective. It is not the only choice, though. Another type of therapy that may be helpful is exposure therapy because it helps you get used to the presence of dolls by repeated exposure to them, which can help reduce or get rid of your fear altogether.

The World Social Forum Writing Assignment Paper - 825 Words

The World Social Forum Writing Assignment Paper (Coursework Sample) Content: Students NameProfessors NameCourse TitleSubmission DateThe World Social ForumThe World Social Forum (WSF) is a global social movement that embodies the tenets of a worldwide civil society out to champion the rights of the socioeconomically disadvantaged communities in the developing countries from the effect of globalization and capitalism. The WSF first held its annual meeting in Porto Alegre, Brazil and has expanded to and continued to hold such annual events around different capital cities of the developing countries around the world. The main impetus of the forum is to champion a self-conscious and an alternative course of socioeconomic and political empowerment different from capitalism. Therefore, the movement has endeavored with the mission through a joint and collaborative efforts with nongovernmental organizations, formal and informal social movements in the developing countries, and lobbyists groups with the goal of seeking international solidarity. However, through the years, there has been growing concerns of the questionable direction the forum has been taking and some critics have termed it as a diversion of the movements original ideals. Moreover, critics argue that the WSF is heavily politicized basing in the manner different groups having represented within the organization and this continues to perpetuate gender disparity racial tension from the beginning.Internal politics, the conflicts of interest, and the underrepresentation of different groups of people continues to shape the way in which women and some racial minorities are given space during the annual events. Teivainen (626) notes that the gender and racial tensions have created and continue to cause internal conflicts which have been part of the movement following its inception. As much as Brazil may create a positive image of the existing harmonious ethnic heterogeneity, racism is a daunting issue that still permeates the society across Brazilians of all walks of life. Institutionalized racism exists within the progressive intellectual ranks in the Brazilian society and the middle class white people dominate and occupy the high status high up the social hierarchy. Observers and critics have argued that most of WSF are predominantly graced by white males who are a far-cry from the typical Brazilian citizen participation in the event (Teivainen 626). Interestingly, the perceived whiteness of the participants in the forum does not result from the lack of delegates and representatives from Africa, India, Asia, other parts of Latin America, and the Caribbean but even the majority of individuals representing Brazil at these events happen to be middle class whites. Therefore, from the perspective of an organization whose mission is to empower the socioeconomically disadvantaged groups against the psychopathic nature of multinational corporations in the wake of globalization, the WSF has terribly failed in social inclusion.In yet another event, the auton omous nature of WSF continues to raise questions owing to the heavy presence of representatives of the Cuban government and the Revolutionary Forces of Columbia in 2001. The goal of the WSF was for global grassroot transformation through changing the lives of the socioeconomically disadvantaged communities largely marginalized by the political regimes in their countries or exploited by global corporate expansion and was not supposed to assume a political agenda. However, the heavy presence of the Cuban government officials. According to Teivainen (626), the open disapproval of the Cuban government officials presence did not come from the forum representatives but from the local press outside the event. In 2002, the annual event was held in Brazil coinciding with the general elections in the country and the Cuban representatives appeared in the country in large numbers. Teivainen (626) notes that, Cuban influence over the event was apparent as many representatives for the participati ng organizations adorned Che Guevaras paraphernalia in the event. The presence of government officials is an indication of the overwhelming political and ideology movement to counteract other dominant ideologies and this is a contradiction to the agenda and goals of the organization. Although the WSF was formed to champion the rights of the marginalized communities in the developing countries and cushion such people from the negative effects of capitalism, the movement was never intended to be a political or ideological movement with the goal of perpetuating criticism for the global capitalism.Moreover, during the first WSF meeting, the Armed Revolutionary Forces of Columbia guerillas ...

Capital Punishment Death Penalty - 3050 Words

Capital Punishment: Capital Punishment also known as Death Penalty, is used as a means of executing someone that has committed a certain crime. These crimes include murder, rape, treason and terrorist attacks. This is the last resort prosecutors look at depending on the crime. There are currently 31 US states where capital punishment is currently allowed by the federal government and the U.S. military. The United States only had 28 executions in 2015. That is the lowest number since 1991. (CNN library). Lethal injection is the primary method in executions. Texas became the first state in 1982 to achieve this method. Right now, it is difficult for states to acquire this lethal drug due to manufactures refusing to sell for the only†¦show more content†¦Is it not our duty to follow through and abide by all rules? Immanuel Kant based his moral theory on humans. There should be no remorse or consequences if a person is carrying out their duty. According to Kant, â€Å"morally permissible actions are those actions that could be willed by all rational individuals in the circumstances. The important part of his conception for the moral status of animals is his reliance on the notion of willing. While both animals and human beings have desires that can compel them to action, only human beings are capable of standing back from their desires and choosing which course of action to take.† (Wilson). After reading this, it is obvious human beings that are on death row cannot step back from their desire to commit a crime. If someone is capable of this, why do we have in explosion of inmates in the United States of America? According to Kant, an individual should be put to death but only when that person murdered someone. We should not kill people for no reason. (Kant death penalty). Here are examples of where the judicial system failed individuals who were innocent on death roll: Currently there have been 158 freed from death roll since 1973. Samuel A. Poole, was convicted in North Carolina in 1973. He was sent to death row after being found guilty of first degree burglary. Due to the lack of evidence, his case was thrown out and he became a free man in 1974. (Death penalty info). The Florida ConvictionShow MoreRelatedCapital Punishment : The Death Penalty1482 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. McElmoyl 12/12/14 Capital Punishment As stated by former governor of New York, Mario M. Cuomo, Always I have concluded the death penalty is wrong because it lowers us all; it is a surrender to the worst that is in us; it uses a power- the official power to kill by execution- that has never brought back a life, need inspired anything but hate. (Cuomo 1) This is one of the main arguments against capital punishment (also known as the death sentence.) Capital punishment is the ability for a governmentRead MoreThe Death Penalty And Capital Punishment931 Words   |  4 Pageswritten down (Robert). The death penalty was applied for a particularly wide range of crimes. The Romans also used death penalty for a wide range of offenses. Historically, the death sentence was often handled with torture, and executions, except that it was done in public. In this century, the death penalty, execution or capital punishment, whatever you’d like to refer it as, is the result for committing capital crimes or capital offences and it is not in public. The death penalty has been practiced byRead MoreCapital Punishment : The Death Penalty1410 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment in America In 1976 the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled the Death Penalty constitutionally permissible. The debate over capital punishment has always been a topic of great controversy. Before the Supreme Court ruling in 1976 America had been practicing capital punishment for centuries. At the current time some states enforce the death penalty, while some do not. There are differences of opinion’s relating to whether or not the death penalty is the proper wayRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty991 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment Imagine your having a normal morning, eating breakfast doing your normal routine. Suddenly your phone rings and when you answer you hear the worst news possible. One of your family members has just been murdered in cold blood. You cry, mourn, then become angry. You attend the court hearing and you sit less than 20 feet away from the murderer. Do you truly believe this person deserves to live? Or should they face a punishment that is equal to their crime? Some may say CapitalRead MoreThe Death Penalty And Capital Punishment1569 Words   |  7 Pagesthe death penalty also referred to as capital punishment. The death penalty is both useless and harmful to not only criminals but also their potential victims. This paper uses these horrific facts to try and convince the reader that the death penalty should be done away with before it is too late, although that time may have already come. With supporting evidence to support my cause, I hope that the following information sways at least one reader to see the harm of keeping the death penalty an activeRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1235 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is capital punishment? Why do people support it, but yet people cherish lives? Is it a moral thing to do? Should one be for or against the Death Penalty? Let’s take a look deep into the world of justices and why capital punishment still exists in today’s society. Capital punishment or the death penalty is a feder al punishment given to criminals who are convicted of murders. It is the highest law punishment available that can prevent future murders by developing fear within them. Capital punishmentRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1017 Words   |  5 PagesName: Lucas Falley Topic: Capital Punishment Background: Capital punishment, or the death penalty, has existed for thousands of years. For as long as there has been organized society, the death penalty has existed in numerous cultures and civilizations. Throughout the years the methods have changed, but the use of capital punishment is becoming a pressing matter. Amnesty International reports that there are 140 countries worldwide that have abolished the death penalty, while over 50 countries stillRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is A Capital Punishment1271 Words   |  6 Pages What is the death penalty? The death penalty is a capital punishment that is punishable by death or execution. This is usually given to people that have committed serious offences or capital crimes. There are 31 states in the United States that are for the death penalty. Crimes that are punishable by the death penalty, vary from state to state. Examples of such crimes are; first degree murder or premeditated murder, murder with special circumstances, such as: intende d, multiple, and murder whichRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1539 Words   |  7 PagesCapital punishment, otherwise known as the death penalty, has been the center of debate for a long time. Capital punishment may be defined as the â€Å"[e]xecution of an offender sentenced to death after conviction by a court of law of a criminal offense† (Capital Punishment). Up until 1846, when Michigan became the first to abolish the death sentence, all states allowed legal practice of capital punishment by the government (States). Currently, there 32 states still supporting the death penalty and 18Read MoreThe Death Penalty Of Capital Punishment1480 Words   |  6 Pagesjustice system, such as the death penalty. Capital punishment has been used many times in history all around the world, and it was quite popular. Many people argue that capital punishment is useful in deterring crime and that it is only fair that criminals receive death as punishment for a heinous crim e. On the contrary, others see the death penalty as a violation of the 8th amendment. It restricts excessive fines, and it also does not allow cruel and unusual punishment to be inflicted upon criminals

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Did a Florida Man Really Die From a Brown Recluse Bite

Is it possible that a brown recluse spider bit a man in Florida and that he died as a result? Anything is possible. But most spider experts met this news story with skepticism, and rightfully so. Florida Man Dies from Brown Recluse Spider Bite A 62-year-old Lakeland, FL man named Ronald Reese was renovating an old house in August 2013. He told his family that in the course of tearing down the walls and ceiling, he was bitten on the back of his neck by a spider. The next day, he was so ill he had difficulty getting out of bed. Over a 6-month period, his health declined rapidly. He developed an abscess at the site of the alleged bite, became partially paralyzed, and suffered from pneumonia. On February 16th, 2014,  he died. News reports attributed his death to a brown recluse spider bite. Was It a Confirmed Brown Recluse Spider or Not? The mans 89-year-old father, Bill Reese, is quoted as saying the spider was a brown recluse. In the dozens of news articles I read about the case, there was not a single mention of how this spider was identified as a brown recluse. It doesnt appear that anyone saved the spider, nor was the spider sent to an arachnologist for identification. Its not even clear that Bill Reese ever saw the spider himself, and Mr. Reese doesnt claim any  arachnology credentials. Several years ago, Rick Vetter of UC-Riversides Entomology Department offered a challenge to the brown recluse fearing public. He asked people to send him spiders they believed to be brown recluses for identification. After analyzing and identifying 1,779 arachnids submitted from 49 U.S. states, Vetter reported that only 4 brown recluse spiders were identified from outside their known established range. Vetter also notes that of 200 spiders sent to his office by the public during a media-induced brown recluse scare, not a single specimen was actually a brown recluse. So could Ronald or Bill Reese accurately identify a brown recluse spider if they saw one? Maybe, but its doubtful. People often think they know what a brown recluse looks like, but studies show most people wouldnt know a brown recluse if it bit them (which is exactly my point). According to the various news reports, Polk County Medical Examiner Stephen Nelson stated that no tests were performed on Mr. Reese to confirm that he had brown recluse venom in his body. The Medical Examiner concluded Mr. Reeses death was the result of an unintentional injury due to spider envenomation or complications from a spider bite. He did not specify that Mr. Reese died as a result of brown recluse envenomation or complications from a brown recluse bite.  Dr. Nelson noted that Ronald Reeses medical records indicated he was being treated for complications from a spider bite wound on his neck. If a patient is admitted to a hospital and tells his doctors that a spider bit him just before the onset of his symptoms, his medical record will reflect that, but it doesnt mean thats what actually happened. Brown recluse bites are over reported and misdiagnosed by the medical community, and doctors are no less susceptible to the brown recluse hysteria than other people. There is no reported evidence to show that anyone confirmed the identity of the spider in question, or that anyone tested for the presence of Loxosceles venom. Brown Recluse Spiders Dont Live in This Area So, is it likely or even probable  that a man living in Lakeland, Florida would encounter a brown recluse spider in the course of renovating a home?  Lakeland is well outside of the established range of Loxosceles reclusa. Brown recluse spiders do sometimes stow away in moving boxes and are occasionally identified in locations outside their normal range. At least one news reporter interviewed Dr. Logan Randolph, a biology professor at Polk State College, and Dr. Randolph did state that brown recluse spiders are often carried into the state. However, William Kern, Jr. (University of Florida Associate Professor of Urban Entomology) commented on the Ledger.coms coverage of the case  that he has been identifying spiders for the Florida public since 1984, and has never once seen a brown recluse in the state.  Although it is within the realm of possibility that a brown recluse spider could be found in a house in Lakeland, it is highly improbable. Did Brown Recluse Venom Kill Ronald Reese? Lets assume, despite the lack of proof, that Ronald Reese was indeed bitten by a brown recluse spider. Its still not clear that Ronald Reeses health issues and subsequent death  were the result of exposure to Loxosceles venom. News reports state that the bite wound on the back of Reeses neck became infected. An abscess formed and pushed against his spinal cord. Any insect or spider bite can become infected, particularly if its not cleaned properly or if the victim has secondary health issues that make him more susceptible to infections. Brown recluse bites, in the unusual  instances when they do occur, are rarely fatal. When interviewed about the case, biologist Logan Randolph noted In most spider bites, complications arise mostly if theres some secondary factor. If the person has a specific allergic reaction, if their health was compromised in some other manner, or if the bite causes an open wound with a secondary infection. While the chain of events leading to Ronald Reeses death may have started with a spider bite, and possibly even a brown recluse spider bite, its important to state the facts clearly when reporting on such cases. No reports on this case provide proof that a brown recluse spider was involved, or that Loxosceles venom caused Mr. Reeses rapid decline. What we do know is that Mr. Reese developed a lethal infection that impacted his nervous system, and that this infection may have started with an untreated spider bite wound. Theres No Proof That a Florida Man Died from a Brown Recluse Bite The media reports on the death of Ronald Reese of Lakeland, FL fail to provide conclusive proof that he was killed as the direct result of a brown recluse spider bite. Without professional identification of the spider that bit him, and without toxicological evidence of Loxosceles venom in his system, its advisable to be skeptical that this death can be attributed to a brown recluse bite.    Selected media links about  this case: Man ignored fatal brown recluse bite, 23 ABC News, Bakersfield, CA, February 28, 2014. Accessed online March 3, 2014.Fla authorities report rare death from spider bite, Miami Herald via Associated Press, February 27, 2014.  Accessed online March 3, 2014.Spider Bite Kills Florida Man, by  Stephanie Pappas, LiveScience.com, February 28, 2014.  Accessed online March 3, 2014.Brown Recluse Spider Bite Blamed in Lakeland Mans Death, by Stephanie Allen, The Ledger, February 26, 2014. Accessed online March 3, 2014.Spider bite blamed in Lakeland mans death, by Stephanie Allen, Daytona Beach News-Journal, February 27, 2014. Accessed online March 3, 2014. Disclaimer: The author is not a medical doctor or health care professional. The author did not examine Ronald Reeses medical records, nor read the coroners report about his death. The authors analysis of this case is strictly limited to the details reported by the news media, and  whether this information seems accurate in light of what is known about brown recluse spiders, their biology, and their range.

Sympathizing with Brutus of William Shakespeares Julius...

Sympathizing with Brutus of William Shakespeares Julius Caesar Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare is an interesting and complex play based on historical events that took place in Rome in 44 BC. The plot revolves around the assassination of Julius Caesar by his closest friend- Marcus Brutus, and Marc Antonys attempt to avenge his death. The play portrays many important themes that are still relevant in todays society like the struggle for political power; love and friendship; the fallibility of men; and the fickleness of common people. Despite the title of the play, Brutus is the main character, and the most important in the group of conspirators that murder Julius Caesar. The†¦show more content†¦However, one might argue that that foretelling Caesar to be a tyrant is deeply flawed and wrong. How can Brutus be so sure that Caesar will become a tyrant? There is no way that Brutus can be one hundred percent sure. One would say Brutus argument is very weak and there was insufficient evidence pointing to any form of tyrannical behaviour from Caesar thus the killing of Caesar completely unjustified. Brutus is a considerate and honourable man because of his patriotism towards Rome and their people. Throughout the whole play, his intentions are for the goodness of Rome - à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦if then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer - not that I loved Caesar less but that I loved Rome more. He killed Caesar because of his concerns for Rome, and everything that he did was for the benefit of someone else. Even Marc Antony still recognised Brutus as the noblest Roman of them all. After his death he says This was the noblest Roman of them all; all the conspirators save only he did that they did in envy of great Caesar; he, only, in a general honest thought and common good to all... Anthony is basically saying that everyone in the conspiracy except Brutus killed Caesar out of jealousy. But Brutus killed Caesar because of his worry for theShow MoreRelatedThe Effect of Caesar and Cleopatras Affair on Calpurnia2928 Words   |  12 PagesIsra Mahmood BA English Hons II – B 599 Paper IV Project The Effects of the Affair of Caesar and Cleopatra on Calpurnia ------------------------------------------------- Introduction After Hatshepsut, Cleopatra was the only Queen of Egypt who was seriously referred to as â€Å"Pharaoh†. The torrid love affair between one of the highest regarded Queens in history and that of the phenomenal Julius Caesar is considered to be one of the most romantic and grand ones in the world. Cecil B. Demille seems to

Critical Appraisal of Life Cycle Assessment Free Essays

Having an understanding of environmental sustainability of the complete life cycle of products and services Is becoming Imperative for organizations so they can comply with environmental standards and to meet the growing public expectation regarding the organization’s role in managing their environmental impacts. But this is a complex matter and this essay critically appraises Life Cycle Assessment (LLC) as a tool to provide decision-making support in improving production processes in order to minimizes their environmental Impacts. The definition of LLC, a review of its application In Industry and advantages will be discussed first to form a basis for Its critical evaluation. We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Appraisal of Life Cycle Assessment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The usefulness of this tool and Its potential Limitations and weaknesses in terms of applicability, standardization, cost, complexity and requirements of expertise will be considered. As an example, the role of LLC in improving the environmental impact of milk production system will be used. In literature LLC Is defined as a systematic approach to analyses the environmental burden through the whole life cycle of a specific product or service that In turn helps o reduce that environmental burden by triggering areas of Improvement so that better technologies, product materials and process options can then be adopted (Roy et al. 2009; ISO 1997, AAA; The Finnish Environment Institute, 2010). To critically appraise LLC it is imperative to see its application in a specific sector so milk production Is considered. Milk production Involves live stock, agriculture, dairy farming, dairy packaging and distribution (Household et al. , 2003). These systems are highly inter-related and their combined effect is very complex for the LLC first phase of boundary allocation. Milk is not produced in isolation but production of cheese, court and butter is also uses the similar inventory and production system that make it difficult to identify the system boundaries (Hospice et al. 2003). Multi-product system and difficulty of LLC in allocation of system boundaries Is also discussed by Warden et al. (2012) that relates the outcomes of LLC with allocation. In studies, contribute to transportation, packaging waste and CA emissions respectively (Thomas et al. , 2008). Roy et al. (2009) declare LLC as useful tool for various food industries that helps to reduce environmental load by suggesting alternate reduction, processing, packaging, and distribution and consumption patterns. LLC also provides quantitative information that ultimately helps to provide stakeholders with information about company steps that have been practically taken to minimizes the environmental impacts of their production activities (Roy et al. , 2009). However there are various issues like generalization of LLC results, its cost and time intensiveness, the required expertise, difficulties in allocation of system boundaries and lack of standardization in its methodology that are imperative to resolve before adopting this methodology (Reap et al, 2008). The complex interacting nature of the environment and highly different environmental scenarios in different industries and countries also affect the usefulness of LLC. For example, in a review by Rossi (2004) of the LLC of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic across its lifestyle found that LLC quantitative methodology is highly subjective to data collection which can mislead the outcomes and in toxic chemical determination LLC is cannot provide accurate measurement. This implies that pesticides, antibiotics and detergents should be carefully analyses as part of the farm impacts and should be considered as a ‘hot spot’ in milk production (Hogwash Aide, 2002). Defining functional units is very important and errors can arise due to assigning functional units to multiple functions and when handling non-quantifiable functions (Cooper, 2003). However in milk production functional units are quantifiable but not standardized across various studies so that it is difficult to compare different results (Gao, 2012; Hogwash Aide, 2002). Similarly, boundary selection is subjective that could lead to less confidence in comparative studies of LLC (Such et al. , 2004). For example, in milk production if the packaging waste and the production of feed at the arm is ignored, that can generate highly different findings regarding environmental impacts. Omitting social and economic considerations in defining the goal and scope of LLC has also brought criticism that technical improvements cannot remove the need to make socially influenced decisions (Reap et al. , 2008). Therefore the lack of environmental and economic integration in LLC methodology can miss opportunities or limit the influence of LLC in decision making, especially in private sector (Norris, 2001). To conclude, despite the limitations and inability of LLC to incorporate social and economic factors in relation to product life cycle assessment, it is still a useful and highly established and adopted methodology for the analysis of environmental impacts. However it is difficult to implement LLC in small scale firms due to its cost, time intensive nature and required expertise in executing LLC. Standardization of methodologies and generalization of results is also a natural flaw in this approach due to highly different environmental condition and technological use by organizations. However in milk production, LLC as been very successfully applied in any countries as it allows boundaries to be set and also the selection of functional widely used in the whole dairy industry and results are being used to minimizes the environmental impacts especially when selecting chemicals, packaging, transport and feeding. Finally, it is concluded that there are no other alternative highly established methods of finding a product or services environmental impacts than LLC but economic and social considerations should be involved in this process to make it more useful in improving environmental impacts. How to cite Critical Appraisal of Life Cycle Assessment, Essays

Immanuel Kant Essay Example For Students

Immanuel Kant Essay Kant is a deontological philosopher; that is, in examining morality he says that the ends must not be looked at, only the means. Kant began by carefully drawing a pair of crucial distinctions among the judgments we do actually make. The first distinction separates a priori from a posteriori judgments by reference to the origin of our knowledge of them. A priori judgments are statements for which there is no appeal to experience in order to dertermine what is true and false. A posteriori judgments, on the other hand, are statements in which experience determines how we discover the truth or falsity of the statement. Thus, this distinction also marks the difference traditionally noted in logic between necessary and contingent truths. We will write a custom essay on Immanuel Kant specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now But Kant also made a less familiar distinction between analytic and synthetic judgments, according to the information conveyed as their content. Analytic judgments are those whose predicates are entirely contained in their subjects; since they add nothing to our concept of the subject, such judgments are purely explicative and can be deduced from the principle of non-contradiction. Synthetic judgments, on the other hand, are those whose predicates are altogether distinct from their subjects, to which they must be shown to relate because of some real connection external to the concepts themselves. Hence, synthetic judgments are genuinely informative but require justification by reference to some outside principle. In the opening pages of Kants Groundwork he sets his deontological claim. Nothing, he says, can possibly be conceived in the world, or even out of it, which can be called good, without qualification, except a good will. Other things can be undoubtedly good in many respects, but Kant explains that without a good will they become bad and mischievous. Kant explains, A good will is good not because of what it performs or effects, not by its aptness for the achievement of some proposed end, but simply by virtue of the volition; that is, it is good in itself, and considered by itself is to be esteemed much higher than all that can be brought about by it in favor of any inclination, nay even of the sum total of all inclinations. Its usefulness or fruitfulness can neither add nor take away anything from this value.Kants Categorical Imperative is the thing from which morality can be derived. It is the ultimate formula for determining morality. However, a brief explanation of imperatives is in need. An imperative is a command; what we must do. A hypothetical or conditional imperative is what we must do if we want X. Kants formulation of the Categorical Imperative is what we must do, regardless. He separates it from a hypothetical or conditional imperative, saying that we must act in accordance with the categorical imperative regardless of our wants or needs. The four parts, so to speak, of his categorical imperative are thus: a)Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law, b)Act as if the maxim of your action was to become through your will a universal law of nature, c)Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means, but at the same time as an end, d)So act as if you were through your maxims a law-making member of a kingdom of ends. The former two are closely related to each other; the latter two are related to each other, a s well. I believe that Immanuel Kant is a very good philosophy because of his four parts of categorical imperative. I completely comply with what he says. Like he says, )Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other I believe thats the real way of right to will. I think that all of what he says is something that we can all agree upon. His theories are something that we can all live by. By acting any differently, you can be categorized differently.

Contribution to the Patient as a Nurse-Free-Sample for Students

Question: Write a Reflection Essay on My Contribution to the Patient as a Nurse. Answer: As a nurse I want that my patients gets the best possible treatments, and I would always assure that I would try my best to go beyond any limits to provide the quality of care to the patient. I am dedicated as a nurse and I believe a dedicated nurse would provide care to the patient in any circumference, because this is the job that I am entitled with. I will offer my listening ear to whatever they say and would try to help them out in every possible way to see a better outcome. Like any other job this job will also pose challenges, but it is up to me, how I will deal with it. It becomes very difficult to see a person in pain or being limited in the extent I can comfort them, but the reality is that I am also bounded by some limits beyond which I cant extend my help. There are few qualities that a nurse should possess. One is the excellent communication skill with the patients. It is necessary to know what or how the patient is feeling or it is necessary to explain the pros and the cons of the disease to the patient and his family. To give a proper care I need to communicate and consult with the specialist (Cockell McSherry, 2012). Therefore I should possess excellent communication skills. In this job patience is the ultimate key to provide an efficient care to the patient. Some patients are just not happy with the type of care they are getting. It is my duty to listen to them patiently and then make sure that there is no valid complaint. Then I will try to reassure him that he is being given the perfect quality of care. All valid grievances of the patient and his family should be addressed properly (Engel Prentice, 2013). In this reflection essay I would like to introduce a case scenario of a patient and the quality of care I provided to the patient by using the 5 Rs of refection (McAllister, 2013). One I came across a girl, who was admitted into the community hospital for a week because of acute gastroenteritis. After the treatment she was being discharged from the hospital. After one day her mother observed that she was having difficulties in breathing and after a day she began spitting out green sputum. It was diagnosed that he has contracted with community acquired Pneumoia. A doctor can assess the patient and can prescribe medications and do the necessary treatment. But it is the role of a nurse to help the patients meet their needs including physical, mental, emotional and spiritual needs. The child was crying out of pain; I consulted a doctor and provided macrolides and antitussives to give her some relief. I tried to divert her mind from the pain and tried to talk something else. Since she is a girl of just 9 years, she was feeling anxious and was scared of the procedures. I assured her and tried in my possible ways to draw out the fear from her. I provided her with oxygen as she was having respiratory distress. I ensured that she gets a proper care on my part. I took measures to improve the airway patency. I ensured that she takes enough fluids, placed her in the semi fowler position. I have learnt from the past clinical experiences that when we are dealing with children we should avoid the medical jargon. The words used have to be as simple as possible to get down to the level of the child. Before application of the planned treatment, it is important to make a personal relationship with the child (Hazinski, 2012). All these experiences has helped me to gain knowledge about, how to deal with such situations. Once I came across a heart patient who was just 2 years old and was going to have his first open heart surgery. The night before the surgery, I went to him with a bag of toys. It contained the tubes that would be used, hairnet that he would wear the next day. He was fascinated with his new toys instead of being afraid. All these activities have helped me to understand how to deal differently with different patients. When you are communicating with a child it is very difficult to explain her difficult situation (Hockenberry Wilson, 2014). Again we have to deal differently with an elderly person just as I have stated above. Thus it can be concluded that with the increased specialization in the field of health care, the type of care provided by the nurses are also getting diverse. The nurse always remains in the primary team of care because she always has the information about the patient as a whole. As a Nurse I would try to provide a holistic care of approach to the patient. I would try to support him spiritually, mentally and physically to get a better outcome. References Cockell, N., McSherry, W. (2012). Spiritual care in nursing: an overview of published international research.Journal of nursing management,20(8), 958-969. Engel, J., Prentice, D. (2013). The ethics of interprofessional collaboration.Nursing ethics,20(4), 426-435. Hazinski, M. F. (2012).Nursing Care of the Critically Ill Child-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Hockenberry, M. J., Wilson, D. (2014).Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. McAllister, L. (2013). Reflective Practice: The What, the Why and the How, of Reflection?.The ANZTLA EJournal, (7), 50-63. Stodd, J., James, M., James, A., Cowan, C. J., Tomlinson, M., Middleton, A., ... Team, L. EXPLORING REFLECTION IN THE SOCIAL AGE OF LEARNING.

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol free essay sample

Network directories on the other hand are specialized databases that store information about devices, applications, people and other aspects of a computer network. It is an Internet protocol that e mail and other programs use to look up information from a server. It is not limited to contact information or information about people. It is appropriate for any kind of directory like information where fast look-ups and less frequent updates exist. It was created in 1995 as an academic university project, and then commercialized by Netscape in the late 1990’s. t is finding much acceptance because of its status as an Internet standard. It can also be customized to store any type of text or binary data. It is important to note that it is not a directory but a protocol. However, it organizes information in a hierarchical manner using directories. And these directories can store a variety of information and can even be used like a Network Information Service (NIS). We will write a custom essay sample on Lightweight Directory Access Protocol or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hence, enabling anyone to access their account from any machine on the LDAP enabled network. In many cases, it is used as a virtual phone directory, allowing users to easily access contact information of other users. But it is more flexible than a phone directory. This is because it is capable of referring a query to other LDAP servers throughout the world. Thus, providing an ad-hoc global repository of information. It is hoped that at the end of this discourse on LDAP even a layman would have a simple yet clear understanding of what LDAP is. To give its advantage over X500. To reveal the purpose, and use of LDAP generally. Protocol is it is pertinent to understand what a directory and protocol is. A directory is an organized set of records: e. g. , a telephone directory which is an alphabetical list of persons and organizations with an address and phone number in each record. A directory is also a way in which complex information is organized, making it easy to find. Directories list resources—for example, people, books in a library, or merchandise in a department store—and give details about each one. They can be either offline—for example, a telephone book or a department store catalog—or online. The word protocol is from the Greek word â€Å"protocollon† which was a leaf of paper glued to a manuscript volume, describing its contents. A protocol can be said to be a description of a set of procedures to be followed when communicating. Protocols are to communication what programming languages are to computations. They can also be used to describe what grammar is to language. In information technology, it is a set of rules that end points in a telecommunication connection use when they communicate. Protocols exist at various levels in a telecommunication connection. For example, there are protocols for the interchange of data at the hard ware devise level as well as at the application program level. In the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), there are one or more protocols at each layer in the telecommunication exchange that both ends of the exchange must recognize and observe. On the internet, we have the TCP/IP protocols which comprise of: * Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which is a set of rules to exchange messages with other internet points at the information packet level * Internet Protocol (IP), which makes use of a set of rules to send and receive messages at the Internet address level. * Other protocols that include the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and File Transfer Protocol (FTP), each being defined set of rules to use with corresponding programs elsewhere on the internet. With this in view we can now say in this context that a Light Weight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is a set of rules that enables us to read and edit organized set of records, resources or information. This is to put it in the simplest of terms for easy understanding. According to Donelly (2008) Strictly speaking, though, LDAP isn’t a database at all , but a protocol used to access information stored in an information directory (also known as an LDAP directory). A more precise formulation might look something like this: Using LDAP, data will be retrieved from (or stored in) the correct location within an information directory. LDAP is a standard, extensible Directory Access Protocol. It is a common language that LDAP clients and servers use to communicate. It requires a minimal amount of networking software on the client side, which makes it particularly attractive for Internet-based, thin client applications. LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) is a simplified ver sion of the DAP (Directory Access Protocol) protocol, which is used to gain access to X. 500 directories. LDAP was designed at the University of Michigan to adapt a complex enterprise directory system (called X. 500) to the modern Internet. Unknown (2004). At this point you may be wondering what the X500 is. X. 500 Directory Service is a standard way to develop an electronic directory of people in an organization so that it can be part of a global directory available to anyone in the world with Internet access. X. 500 is an overall model for Directory Services in the OSI world. Such a directory is sometimes called a global White Pages directory. The idea is to be able to look up people in a user-friendly way by name, department, or organization. Many enterprises and institution have created an X500 directory. Because these directories are organized as part of a single global directory, you can search for hundreds of thousands of people from a single place on the World Wide Web. X. 500 is an international standard for directories and full-featured, but it is also complex, requiring a lot of computing resources and the full OSI stack. Thus making it difficult to run easily on a PC and over TCP/IP. The X500 is too heavy to support on desktops and over the internet, hence the need for a lightweight protocol. A lightweight protocol is any of a class of protocols designed for use on high speed inter-networks, e. g. LDAP is an open protocol, and applications are independent of the server platform hosting the directory. However, LDAP is like X500 in the sense that it is both an information model and a protocol for querying and manipulating it. LDAP’s data and name space model is essentially that of X500. The major difference is that the LDAP protocol is designed to run directly over the TCP/IP stack. The main thing about the X500 is that it defines a global directory structure. This means that anyone with an X500 or LDAP client may peruse the global directory just as they can use a web browser to peruse the global web. As a protocol, LDAP does not define how programs work on either the client or server side. It defines the language used for client programs to talk to servers (and servers to servers, too). It can be used to access a standalone directory service or a directory service that is back ended by X500. The LDAP protocol is both cross-platform and standards-based, so applications neednt worry about the type of server hosting the directory. In fact, LDAP is finding much wider industry acceptance because of its status as an Internet standard. Under them in the hierarchy might be entries for smaller organization and so on down. The hierarchy might end with people or resources. Each entry is identified by a Distinguished Name (DN). A Distinguished Name consists of a name that uniquely identifies the entry at that hierarchical level (e. g. Peter and Paul and Mary are different user ID’s that identify different entries at the same level) and a path of names that trace the entry back to the root of the tree. Where o represents the organization, and is the root of the tree ou refers to the organizational unit which is a unit within the organization uid refers to user ID of the entry. WHY USE LDAP? The main benefit of using LDAP is that information for an entire organization can be consolidated into a central repository. That is LDAP can be used as a central directory that is accessible from anywhere on the network. LDAP makes for ease of access across platforms. To buttress this, (Donelly, 2008) says â€Å"Perhaps the biggest plus for LDAP is that your company can access the LDAP directory from almost any computing platform, from any one of the increasing number of readily available, LDAP-aware applications. Its also easy to customize your companys internal applications to add LDAP support†. LDAP also supports a number of back-end databases in which to store directories. This allows administrators the flexibility to deploy the database best suited for the type of information the server is to disseminate. Hence, it has the ability to distribute servers to where they are needed. LDAP allows you locate organizations, individuals, and other resources such as files and devices in a network, whether on the Internet or on a corporate intranet, and whether or not you know the domain name, IP address, or geographic whereabouts. (Donelly, 2008).

which the “war on terrorism” has been waged threatens to undermine the international human rights framework so painstakingly built since World War II The WritePass Journal

which the â€Å"war on terrorism† has been waged threatens to undermine the international human rights framework so painstakingly built since World War II Introduction which the â€Å"war on terrorism† has been waged threatens to undermine the international human rights framework so painstakingly built since World War II IntroductionBIBLIOGRAPHY:Related Introduction The way in which the â€Å"war on terrorism† has been waged threatens to undermine the international human rights framework so painstakingly built since World War II. This essay argues that abandoning human rights in times of crisis is short-sighted and self-defeating. A â€Å"war on terrorism† waged without respect for the rule of law undermines the very values that it presumes to protect. A balance between liberty and security must therefore be restored by reasserting the human rights framework, which provides for legitimate and effective efforts to respond to terrorist attacks. The United States–led â€Å"war on terrorism† is premised on the notion that the events of September 11 should be seen as a wake-up call that the world has changed. The international community necessitates new tools and strategies, perhaps a new normative structure, to deal with these dire threats to the world’s security. In the absence of international agreement about the new tools, strategies, and norms, the â€Å"war on terrorism† is being waged on its own imperatives regardless of existing norms. The way in which this â€Å"war† was waged is itself a threat to human security. Since the September 11 attacks, the United States, with the support of many governments, has waged a â€Å"war on terrorism.†This â€Å"war† places the human rights gains of the last several decades and the international human rights framework at risk. Some methods used in detaining and interrogating suspects violate international human rights and humanitarian norms in the name of security.Throughout the world, governments have used the post–September 11 antiterrorism campaign to crack down on dissidents and to suppress human rights. Efforts to define terrorism are fraught with political consequence and disagreement. The controversy is often captured in the phrase â€Å"one person’s terrorist is another person’s freedom fighter.† The Special Rapporteur notes that it is difficult to distinguish between internal armed conflict and terrorism. Should state-sponsored terrorism be included in this discussion? How about sub-state terrorism? Is there a difference between the terrorism of the past and the new threat of non-state-actor super-terrorism with the potential for catastrophic use of weapons of mass destruction? There is already some agreement about prohibiting certain acts the international community condemns as terrorist acts.The definition adopted in this essay is that attacks on the World Trade Centre, in London and Madrid constitute crimes against humanity in that they are, especially taken with other attacks by the same actors, part of a widespread or systematic attack on civilian populations. This view was expressed by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Mary Robinson in the immediate aftermath of the September 11 attacks. Another aspect of the problem of definition is that in many of the antiterrorism measures taken since September 11, 2001, governments have used vague and overbroad definitions of terrorism. Such definitions run the risk of sweeping peaceful, expressive activity into the definition of terrorism and can be the basis for repressive regimes attacking political opponents or other pre-textual uses of antiterrorism campaigns. Such antiterrorist laws violate the principle of legality and provide a basis for governments to label political opponents or human rights defenders as â€Å"terrorists.†In addition, it can subject them to exceptional security measures that would not be tolerated in other contexts. Below we look at how human rights has been a casualty on the war on terrorism. At the heart of the challenge to the human rights framework is the question of whether the â€Å"war on terrorism† is a â€Å"war,† and if so, what sort of a war it is. To date, one of the characteristics of the â€Å"war on terrorism† is a refusal to accept that any body of law applies to the way this â€Å"war† is waged. Central to the human rights framework is the idea that there are no â€Å"human rights free zones† in the world, and that human beings possess fundamental human rights by virtue of their humanity alone. In addition, there is no gap between human rights law and humanitarian law in which a â€Å"war on terrorism† may be waged, free from the constraints of international law. The essence of the rule of law requires that executive action be constrained by law. The refusal to accept that the rule of law governs the conduct of the â€Å"war on terrorism† has created tremendous uncertainty and has also led to the erosion of individual rights. For example, in April 2003 the United States took the position, in response to questions posed by the UN Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions about the November 2002 killing of six men in Yemen by a missile shot from an unmanned drone, that this attack was against enemy combatants in a military operation and, thus, was beyond the competence of the Special Rapporteur and the UN Human Rights Commission. By defining the â€Å"war on terrorism† as a â€Å"war,† the United States and cooperating governments conveniently eliminate all of the protections of human rights law, even in circumstances in which international humanitarian law does apply. It is not clear why this precedent would not be applicable to any government seeking to target dissidents, national liberation movements, or anyone opposed to a regime as being a â€Å"terrorist† and an appropriate military threat in this global â€Å"war.† The concept of â€Å"terrorism† put forward is any act perceived as a threat by those waging the war against it. The battlefield is the entire planet, regardless of borders and sovereignty. The â€Å"war on terrorism† might continue in perpetuity, and it is unclear who is authorised to declare it over. Human rights protections simply do not exist when they conflict with the imperatives of the â€Å"war on terrorism.† One such case is that of Guantanamo. The continuing detention of more than 600 alleged â€Å"terrorists† at a military base in Guantanamo has become the most visible symbol of the threat to the human rights framework posed by the â€Å"war on terrorism.†The Guantanamo detainees essentially have been transported to a â€Å"human rights free zone† or â€Å"legal black hole,† where only visits by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) stands between them and the arbitrary, unreviewable exercise of executive power. The detainees are beyond the reach of any body of law and receive the treatment that their captors deem reasonable in the circumstances. The US states the detainees are to be treated consistent with the laws of war. Yet, they are denied hearings required by Article 5 of the Third Geneva Convention before a â€Å"competent tribunal† to determine whether they are prisoners of war, as the ICRC presumptively believes them to be. In the eyes of their captors, they are conclusively determined to be â€Å"enemy combatants† or â€Å"enemy aliens,† who may be tried before military commissions and detained indefinitely regardless of whether they are convicted by those commissions. The Military Order authorizes the detention and trial of â€Å"terrorists† and uses a broad definition of â€Å"individuals subject to this order.†Thus, US authorities may take any person in the world they believe fits this broad definition and transport them to the â€Å"human rights free zone† in Guantanamo. There the US is not subject to judicial oversight by domestic or international authorities, and the detainees can be treated in any manner until they are tried, released, or held in these conditions indefinitely. The Military Order applies only to noncitizens, leading to a stark double standard between the treatment of US citizens accused of being involved in terrorist activity and noncitizens, who are not entitled to the panoply of rights accused US â€Å"terrorists† will receive. The idea that noncitizens are not entitled to international fair trial standards because they are unworthy â€Å"terrorists† is at odds with international antidiscrimination and fair trial norms as well as the presumption of innocence. Trials before the military commissions, established pursuant to the November 2001 order, will not comply with essential international fair trial safeguards or guarantees of an independent judiciary. Indeed, the proceedings appear to be no different from military tribunals the international community has criticized in many other settings as a violation of international human rights standards. The availability of the death penalty in these military commissions undermines the human rights goal of eventual abolition of the death penalty; especially in light of the important strides the international community has made toward abolition of the death penalty in the Rome Statute and elsewhere, for even the most egregious crimes. These commissions also inhibit international cooperation to combat terrorism given the strong views of many states that abolition of the death penalty is a fundamental human rights issue. There is more to say about the conditions of confinement in Guantanamo Bay (cramped cells, lack of exercise, torture), especially after recent revelations about the widespread abuse of prisoners in Iraq and elsewhere. The central challenge it presents to the human rights framework is that the detainees are left without the protection of law or judicial or international oversight. Although the ICRC is allowed to visit the detainees, the United States does not agree that the detainees are prisoners of war or even entitled to the full protections of international humanitarian or human rights law. The United States has labeled the detainees as â€Å"enemy combatants,† but this label cannot avoid the requirement of a determination of every detainee’s status by a â€Å"competent tribunal.† Humanitarian law requires that such determinations be made by tribunals and under procedures that guarantee fair treatment, protect vulnerable detainees, and restrain the detaining p ower. Instead, the detainees, like the six men killed in Yemen, are subject only to the discretion of an unrestrained executive authority. Fundamental human rights norms require that detentions be subject to judicial oversight. As the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention stated in December 2002, if prisoner of war status is not recognized by a competent tribunal,[T]he situation of detainees would be governed by the relevant provisions of the [International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights] and in particular by articles 9 and 14 thereof, the first of which guarantees that the lawfulness of a detention shall be reviewed by a competent court, and the second of which guarantees the right to a fair trial. The United States has rejected the UN’s position and every other form of international oversight of these detentions. As a result, the identity of the detainees are secret, and there is no international or domestic oversight of the detentions. There is no way of ascertaining whether there is any basis for the continued detention of particular detainees, which includes children as young as thirteen. Over time, a number of detainees have been released, and so far the released detainees have not been charged with any criminal offense. Thus, raising substantial questions about the grounds for their detention in the first place and even more concern about the length of the detentions. Despite assurances by United States officials, there are examples of mistakes coming to light. One such discrepancy concerns refugee law and discrimination. Almost all of the detainees have been held on minor immigration law violations, which ordinarily would not warrant detention or deportation. One commentator reports that only three of the estimated 5,000 noncitizens detained by these efforts have been charged with any offense remotely related to terrorism, indicating the ineffectiveness of such strategies. These transgressions on immigrant communities are just a part of the â€Å"collateral damage† of the â€Å"war on terrorism.† International norms clearly prohibit discrimination on the basis of ethnicity, nationality, or religion. There is a growing recognition of the harms caused by discrimination in the social fabric of our communities. By targeting immigrant communities, the government fosters the discrimination and exclusion that human rights law has struggled so hard to eradicate, making it all the more difficult to engender understanding and cooperation between communities in the fight against terrorism. Below we evaluate the significance of a human rights framework response to terrorism. For the most part, the international community has responded to the events of September 11 and their aftermath with an insistence that the response to terrorism must unfold within basic standards of human rights and international law. For example, the United Nations Security Council in Resolution 1456 (2003) insisted that any measure taken to combat terrorism must comply with international law obligations, â€Å"in particular international human rights law, refugee, and humanitarian law.† The question remains whether these norms will actually govern the conduct of states and what the international community will do if they do not. The detainees in Guantanamo are in a â€Å"human rights free zone† with the active cooperation of many governments and the absence of an adequate response by the international community as a whole. Even if one contends that the detainees are not covered by international humanitarian law, the international human rights framework still requires they be tried for a recognizable criminal offense and be granted the internationally recognized guarantees of a fair trial. The United States had no difficulty complying with these requirements in response to the first World Trade Center bombing, showing it is possible for governments to create special procedures for handling classified or sensitive evidence in such trials in accordance with their legal systems. Many countries have experience trying alleged terrorists in ordinary courts under procedures that comply, or at least arguably comply, with international standards. There can be increased cooperation at every level of government within a human rights framework. Many human rights standards, beginning with Article 29 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, explicitly recognize limitations based on the requirements of public order or security. There is a substantial body of international, regional, and domestic jurisprudence in balancing liberty and security in a wide variety of specific contexts. These standards should be respected and enforced, not ignored. International human rights law also explicitly recognizes that there may be emergencies that justify suspension of some internatio nal human rights. If deemed prisoners of war then there is a well-defined regime of humanitarian law under which the detainees must be treated. In conclusion this essay addressed one aspect of the ongoing debate about terrorism and human rights. While urging adherence to existing human rights and humanitarian standards in the fight against terrorism and raising the alarm about how the â€Å"war on terrorism† is being waged, one should not ignore the challenges posed by transnational networks of persons willing to engage in acts of mass destruction. There are opportunities for cooperative, multilateral approaches to this challenge: Expanding the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court to cover a broader range of attacks on civilians would be a positive development and one fully consistent with the rule of law. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Amnesty International, Rights at Risk: Amnesty International’s Concern Regarding Security and Law enforcement Measures (2002), ACT 30/001/2001 available at www.amnestyusa.org/waronterror/rightsatrisk.pdf. Amnesty International, United States of America: Memorandum to the US Government on the Rights of People in US Custody in Afghanistan and Guantanamo Bay (2002), AMR 51/053/2002, available at web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAMR510532002. Amnesty International, United States of America: Restoring the Rule of Law. The Right of Guantanamo Detainees to Judicial Review of the Lawfulness of Their Detention (2004)AMR 51/0931/2004, available at web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAMR510932004?openof=ENG-USA. Chinlund,   C. Who Should Wear the â€Å"Terrorist† Label?, Boston Globe , 8 Sept. 2003, at A15, available at www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/editorials/articles/ Civil and Political Rights, Including the Question of Torture and Detention: Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Louis Joinet Chairperson-Rapporteur, Executive Summary, U.N. ESCOR, Comm’n on Hum. Rts., 59th Sess., Agenda Item 11(a), U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/2003/8 (2002), available at www.hri.ca/fortherecord2003/documentation/commission/e-cn4-2003-8.htm. Cole, D. (2003) Enemy Aliens: Double Standards and Constitutional Freedoms in the War on Terrorism at 188. European Parliament Resolution on EU Judicial Co-operation with the United States in combating terrorism, B5-0813/2001 (11 Dec. 2001), available at www.epp-ed.org/Activities/doc/b5-813en.doc Fitzpatrick, J. (1994) The International System for Protecting Rights during States of Emergency. Procedural Aspects of International Law Series: V. 19) 1994, p. 70-71. Fitzpatrick, J. (2002) Sovereignty, Territoriality, and the Rule of Law, 25 Hastings International Comparative Law Review at 303 Geneva Convention (III) Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (Geneva III), 1949 Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, 124 S. Ct. 2633 (2004). Human Rights First, Ending Secret Detentions (2004)available at www.humanrightsfirst.org/us_law/PDF/EndingSecretDetentions_web.pdf. Human Rights Watch, Human Rights Watch Briefing Paer on U.S. Military Commissions (2003), available at www.hrw.org/backgrounder/usa/military-commissions.pdf. Jakob Kellenberger speech on 17 March 2004   to the UN Commission on Human Rights during the 60th Annual Session of the UN Commission on Human Rights- Statement by the President of the ICRC (17 Mar. 2004), available at www.icrc.org/Web/ Eng/siteeng0.nsf/htmlall/5X6MY5?OpenDocumentstyle=custo_print. Kalliopi, K.K, U.M. Special Rapporteur.   Preliminary Report: Terrorism and Human Rights, U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/Sub.2/1999/27 (1999), available at www.un.org/documents/ ecosoc/cn4/sub2/e-cn4sub2_99_27.pdf.at 8–21. Military Order, of November 13, 2001- Detention, Treatment and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War Against Terror, at Section 2. Press Release, The White House, Statement by the President in His Address to the Nation (11 Sept. 2001), available at www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010911-16.html. Robinson, P,   The Missing Crimes, in The Rome Statute for an International Criminal Court pp 510 – 521. (Antonio Cassese et al. eds., 2002). S.C. Res. 1456, U.N. SCOR, 58th Sess., 4688th mtg., para 6, U.N. Doc. S/RES/1456 (2003), available at www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/(Symbol)/S.RES.1456+(2003).En?Opendocument. The Queen on the Application of Abbasi and Another v. Sec’y of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, EWCA Civ 1598, para 64 (U.K.) Sup. Ct. Judicature, (C.A.) (6 Nov, 2002), available at www.courtservice.gov.uk/judgmentsfiles/j1354/abassi_judgment.htm. United States v. Yousef, 327 F.3d 56 (2d Cir. 2003).

A letter in favor of your proposed changes to Magarena Assignment

A letter in favor of your proposed changes to Magarena - Assignment Example The ubeefx project development team had a few objectives that aimed at during their development strategies. Giving the game an outstanding user interface, was one such objective that development team had. In addition, attaining an overall stability of the entire program was another key goal of the development team. However, it is quite true to say that some of these goals by the development team were attained, while the many others were far much behind from being attained. This is evidenced from the many feedbacks received from the fantasy game users. â€Å"Magarena† basically entails playing a duel against the computer. In order for one to efficiently play the game, there are quite a number of requirements that are ought to be met. First, it is worth noting that the games can be run on most computers but not all computers. The minimum specific requirements that should be met in order to effectively initiate the game are; a minimum screen resolution of 1024*768 and java run time 6. In addition to this, running the game into one’s computer is quite an uphill task. This made the game to be termed by many as user unfriendly. The quality of the current interface is also below the bench mark standards. The program also lacks many additional features such as multiplayer and online play. Compared to the many modern games, this is far much below the benchmarked standards. The incorporated artificial intelligence in the program cannot be said to be below the acceptable standards. This is because of the numerous inconsistencies seen in the entire program. The artificial intelligence, being a key feature in the game needs to be upgraded at all costs so as to enhance efficiency and effectiveness of the of the program. From the numerous loopholes seen the game, it is evident that a lot needs to be done in the development of â€Å"Magarena†. The entire development team needs to instill some

Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts Paper Term - 1

Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts - Term Paper Example (Robbins, & Judge, 2010). Similarly, it has become possible for organizations to manage a clientele from all parts of the world since no matter how far they are, they are always just a click away. This technological revolution, however, along with all its marvels, brings numerous challenges for the organizations as well, which need to be handled proactively. One such challenge is that of delegating an effective and efficient organizational behavior uniformly throughout the organization. (Robbins, & Judge, 2010). Organizational behavior basically encompasses everything pertaining to human interaction and their relationships in any particular organizational setting. (Kinicki, & Kreitner, 2006). It includes intra-organizational interaction (i.e. among employees of all levels), inter-organizational interactions (i.e. with partners, competitors, distributors, suppliers, etc.) as well as extra-organizational interaction (i.e. interaction with customers). (Hellriegel, & Slocum, 2007). It de als with the culture that prevails within the organization, the relationships the employee share with each other as well as with various stakeholders and the image a company exuberates as a whole. (Kinicki, & Kreitner, 2006). ... (Keyton, 2010). It is a set of norms and principles pertaining to the behavior of the employees and their interaction with each other as well as the stakeholders. (Schein, 2004). It is the general environment of the organization that stems from the various values and attitudes defined by the organization. The organizational culture may be weak or strong. A strong culture inculcates an environment of unity and mutual trust. Employees tend to align themselves with the organizational values and rules and adhere to them strongly. (Robbins, & Judge, 2010). Organizational commitment is higher, employees take ownership of what they do and there is higher employee motivation and loyalty. (Keyton, 2010). In order to induce a strong organizational culture, the organizational values should be clearly defined and should be uniformly followed across the board. The consequences should be similar for all and the compensation should be equitable. (Hellriegel, & Slocum, 2007). Source: (New Horizons, 2009). http://www.nhorizons.ca/en-change-culture-change.asp Ideally, the values should be properly listed down. Moreover, the employees should be reminded of them in a polite and interesting manner every now and then. Various team building exercises and sessions may help strengthen the culture. (Schein, 2004). However, one drawback of a strong culture may be the presence of Groupthink, that is, when everybody tends to follow or agree with what one member of the group does or says in order to avoid mental effort as well as conflicts. (Keyton, 2010). This can be avoided, though, through encouraging the employees to voice their opinions and concerns on an individual basis instead in the form of a group. (Schein, 2004). Organizational